The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today approved Nucala (mepolizumab) for use with other asthma medicines for the maintenance treatment of asthma in patients aged ≥12 years. Nucala is approved for patients who have a history of severe asthma attacks (exacerbations) despite receiving their current asthma medicines.
Asthma is a chronic disease that causes inflammation in the airways of the lungs. During an asthma attack, airways become narrow making it hard to breathe. Severe asthma attacks can lead to asthmarelated hospitalizations because these attacks can be serious and even lifethreatening. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, as of 2013, more than 22 million people in the United States have asthma, and there are more than 400,000 asthmarelated hospitalizations each year.
“This approval offers patients with severe asthma an additional therapy when current treatments cannot maintain adequate control of their asthma,” said Badrul Chowdhury, MD, PhD, Director of the Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Rheumatology Products in the FDA’s Center for Drug Evaluation and Research.
Nucala is administered once every 4 weeks by subcutaneous injection by a healthcare professional into the upper arm, thigh, or abdomen. Nucala is a humanized interleukin5 antagonist monoclonal antibody produced by recombinant DNA technology in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Nucala reduces severe asthma attacks by reducing the levels of blood eosinophils a type of white blood cell that contributes to the development of asthma.
The safety and efficacy of Nucala were established in 3 double-blind, randomized, placebo‑controlled trials in patients with severe asthma on currently available therapies. Nucala or a placebo was administered to patients every 4 weeks as an add-on asthma treatment. Compared with placebo, patients with severe asthma receiving Nucala had fewer exacerbations requiring hospitalization and/or emergency department visits, and a longer time to the first exacerbation. In addition, patients with severe asthma receiving Nucala experienced greater reductions in their daily maintenance oral corticosteroid dose, while maintaining asthma control compared with patients receiving placebo. Treatment with mepolizumab did not result in a significant improvement in lung function, as measured by the volume of air exhaled by patients in one second.
The most common side effects of Nucala include headache, injection site reactions (pain, redness, swelling, itching, or a burning feeling at the injection site), back pain, and weakness (fatigue). Hypersensitivity reactions can occur within hours or days of being treated with Nucala, including swelling of the face, mouth, and tongue; fainting, dizziness, or lightheadedness; hives; breathing problems and rash. Herpes zoster infections have occurred in patients receiving Nucala. Herpes zoster is the virus that causes shingles.
Nucala is made by GlaxoSmithKline, in Research Triangle Park, NC.
US Food and Drug Administration. FDA approves Nucala to treat severe asthma. Updated November 5, 2015.